Sumbangan Ulama Hadramaut-Patani dalam Perkembangan Islam di Patani: Satu Sorotan Awal [Contributions of Hadramaut-Patani Scholars to The Development of Islam in Patani: An Initial Overview]

Abstract

Wilayah Patani kini merupakan sebahagian daripada Thailand dan pernah memainkan peranan penting sebagai pusat pendidikan Islam di rantau Asia Tenggara. Ulama Hadramaut yang berhijrah ke Patani membawa bersamanya tradisi keilmuan Islam yang mendalam serta menyumbang kepada penyebaran Islam, pembangunan institusi pendidikan dan pengukuhan identiti Islam di rantau ini. Kajian ini meneliti sumbangan ulama Hadramaut-Patani dalam perkembangan Islam di Patani dari abad ke-15 hingga abad ke-20. Kajian mengenai sumbangan dan pengaruh ulama Hadramaut di Patani kurang ditonjolkan, walaupun terdapat bukti sejarah yang menunjukkan peranan penting mereka dalam proses Islamisasi dan pembentukan budaya Islam tempatan. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menganalisis sejarah kedatangan ulama Hadramaut ke Patani dan meneroka sumbangan mereka dalam bidang keilmuan, sosio-ekonomi dan politik di Patani. Metodologi kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan reka bentuk kajian sejarah dan analisis kandungan daripada sumber primer dan sekunder serta dianalisis secara deskriptif dan tematik. Kajian menunjukkan bahawa ulama Hadramaut memainkan peranan penting dalam pentadbiran politik sebagai penasihat kepada sultan dan pemimpin tempatan. Mereka juga terlibat dalam penulisan kitab, penubuhan institusi pendidikan, penyebaran ajaran Islam, serta pembangunan ekonomi melalui perdagangan dan amalan wakaf. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahawa ulama Hadramaut memberikan sumbangan besar dalam perkembangan Islam di Patani yang mempengaruhi struktur politik, sosial dan budaya di wilayah tersebut.

Patani province is now part of Thailand and once played an important role as a center of Islamic education in the Southeast Asian region. The Hadramaut scholars who migrated to Patani brought with them a deep tradition of Islamic scholarship and contributed to the spread of Islam, the development of educational institutions and the strengthening of Islamic identity in the region. This study examines the contribution of Hadramaut-Patani scholars to the development of Islam in Patani from the 15th to the 20th centuries. Studies on the contribution and influence of Hadramaut scholars in Patani have been less prominent, although there is historical evidence that shows their important role in the process of Islamization and the formation of local Islamic culture. The objective of this study is to analyze the history of the arrival of Hadramaut scholars to Patani and explore their contributions in the fields of knowledge, socio-economics and politics in Patani. The methodology of this study uses a qualitative approach with a historical research design and content analysis from primary and secondary sources and is analyzed descriptively and thematically. The study shows that Hadramaut scholars play an important role in political administration as advisors to the sultan and local leaders. They are also involved in writing books, establishing educational institutions, spreading Islamic teachings, and economic development through trade and the practice of waqf. This study concludes that Hadramaut scholars made significant contributions to the development of Islam in Patani, influencing the political, social and cultural structures of the region.