Pengaruh Gaya Keibubapaan Terhadap Tingkah Laku School Refusal dalam Kalangan Kanak-Kanak Tadika [Influence of Parenting Styles on School Refusal Behaviour among Kindergarten Children]

Abstract

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perbezaan tingkah laku school refusal mengikut jantina dan hubungan di antara gaya keibubapaan jenis autoritatif, jenis autoritarian dan juga jenis permisif dengan tingkah laku school refusal dalam kalangan kanak-kanak Tadika Swasta di Daerah Kuantan, Pahang. Oleh kerana kajian ini adalah kajian tinjauan iaitu pensampelan rawak mudah, maka data di kumpul menggunakan set soal selidik. Set soal selidik yang digunakan di adaptasi dari School Refusal Assessment Scale Revised-Parents (SRASC-P) dan Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ). Dapatan kajian dilaporkan secara deskriptif dan menggunakan data analisis inferensi. Hasil dapatan dianalisis menggunakan perisian Statistical Package For Social Science (SPSS) versi 23.0 menunjukkan bahawa tidak terdapat perbezaan tingkah laku School Refusal mengikut jantina lelaki (min = 84.406, sp = 11.39) manakala perempuan (min = 82.02, sp = 11.876, t = 1.317, p = 0.18>0.05). Gaya keibupaan Autoritatif dan Autoritarian menunjukkan nilai pekali pearson mempunyai hubungan yang songsang dan sangat lemah. Namun tiada hubungan yang signifikan bagi gaya keibubapaan Permisif dengan School Refusal. Beberapa cadangan dikemukakan oleh pengkaji di mana Kementerian )Pendidikan Malaysia perlu lebih mengkaji kehadiran tingkah laku baharu seperti School Refusal supaya dapat membantu ibu bapa dalam membendung gejala-gejala yang tidak diingini. Pengkaji juga mengutarakan cadangan kepada pihak pengusaha tadika, di mana mereka perlu lebih menitik beratkan emosi dan sosial kanak-kanak sebelum kanak-kanak bertingkah laku School Refusal. Dalam pada itu, pengkaji seterusnya disarankan supaya dapat menjalankan kajian secara kualitatif di mana melibatkan lebih pemerhatian, analisis dokumen dan juga temubual bagi mendapat dapatan yang lebih kukuh dan mencukupi, serta berfokus kepada satu umur sahaja.

The studies were carried out to examine the differences of school refusal behaviour between genders and to determine the relationship between parenting style which include authoritative, authoritarian and permissive with school refusal behaviour among children in Private Kindergartens in Kuantan Pahang. These studies used simple random sampling and the data collected using a set of questionnaires. The set of questions used was adopted from the School Refusal Assessment Scale Revised-Parents (SRACC-P) and the Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ). The findings of the study were reported in descriptive and inferencing analysis. The results were analyse using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 shown that there are no differences between School Refusal by gender male (min = 84.406, sd = 11.39) female (min = 82.02, sd = 11.876, t = 1.317, p = 0.18>0.05). For the Pearson result of Authoritative and Authoritarian, there is reverse and weak relationship towards School Refusal. However, there is no significant relationship between Permissive and School Refusal. Some suggestions are given for the further research. Several suggestions were put forward by the researcher, emphasizing that the Malaysian Ministry of Education should further investigate the emergence of new behaviours such as School Refusal to assist parents in addressing undesirable symptoms. The researcher also recommended that preschool operators pay greater attention to the emotional and social well-being of children to prevent School Refusal behaviours. Furthermore, it is suggested that future researchers conduct qualitative studies involving more observations, document analyses, and interviews to obtain more robust and comprehensive findings, with a focus on a specific age group.